Fertilizer management in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajart) and blackgram (Phaseolus ntungo) intercropping system under rainfed condition
Keywords:
Abstract
Appropriate intercropping systems, texture of soils varied from sandy loam to besides meeting the varied requirements of a loam. The annual rainfall was 713 and 424 farmer, provide stability in rainfed mm during 1986 and 1987 respectively. In agriculture and improve tlie total general, bulk of rainfall (75% of the total) productivity through better resource use. The was received from June to September. total productivity in terms of economic yield The yield of pigeonpea was more during shows superiority when pigeonpea 1987, being 1.2-2.0 qha more than yield [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] is intercropped obtained during 1986. However, the grain with blackgram (Pliaseolus mungo L.) yield of blackgram showed a reverse trend (Goyal et al., 1991). (Table 1). This might be associated with the ,- The experiment was conducted during the major variations in rainfall during both the rainy (kharif) seasons of 1986 and 1987 to seasons. Growing of the sole crop of study the yield response of sole pigeonpea as pigeonpea with optimum plant population well as its intercropping with blackgram and recommended fertilizer (T,) gave mean under rainfed conditio~i. Tlie experimental yield of 12.8 qnia. An introduction of crops were sown during the early klwrif modified planting pattern (T,) gave grain season (June) with Type 21 pigeonpea as yield of 13.0 qlha for sole crop of pigeonpea, main crop and Type 9 blackgram as an which accounted a saving of 25% in fnputs. intercrop. The experiment was conducted in When blackgram was introduced as an randomized block design with a plot size of intercrop (T,) without fertilizer, the yield of 200 m2 with 5 treatments (Table 1). The pigeonpea was 12.3 qha, besides 3.5 qha -., fertilizer was calculated on the row basis and yield of blackgram which recorded 27% drilled in the furrow as per treatment. The higher net return. The intercropping of duration of pigeonpea was 160-180 days blackgram with 50 and 100% additional and of blackgram 80-95 days. The pH of the fertilizer, gradually increased the yield of experimental plots was 8.0--8.6 and intercrop with a net return of Rs 7,146 electrical conductivity 0.12-0.34 mmhosl and Rs 7,593ba respectively. The index of cm. The organic carbon was below 0.5%. net return obtained yas 132 -and 141 The available P and K ranged from 10.0 to when both the component crops were 35.2 and 130 to 350 kgha respectively. The fertilized at 50 and 100% of the ... Present iddress: ECF Project, Opposite Prakash Lodge, Ramghat Road, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202 001References
Fertilizer management in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajart) and blackgram (Phaseolus ntungo) intercropping system under rainfed condition
V. KUMAR'
Department ofAgrononzy, Clzandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208 002
Received: June 1992
Appropriate intercropping systems, besides meeting the varied requirements of a farmer, provide stability in rainfed agriculture and improve tlie total productivity through better resource use. The total productivity in terms of economic yield shows superiority when pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] is intercropped ' with blackgram (Pliaseolus mungo L.)
(Goyal et al., 1991).
The experiment was conducted during the
rainy (kharif)seasons of 1986 and 1987 to
study the yield response of sole pigeonpea as
well as its intercropping with blackgram
under rainfed conditio~i. Tlie experimental
crops were sown during the early klwrif
season (June) with 'Type 21' pigeonpea as
main crop and 'Type 9' blackgram as an
intercrop. The experiment was conducted in
randomized block design with a plot size of
m2 with 5 treatments (Table 1). The
fertilizer was calculated on the row basis and
drilled in the furrow as per treatment. The
duration of pigeonpea was 160-180 days
and of blackgram 80-95 days. The pH of the
experimental plots was 8.0--8.6 and
electrical conductivity 0.12-0.34 mmhosl
cm. The organic carbon was below 0.5%.
The available P and K ranged from 10.0 to
2 and 130 to 350 kgha respectively. The
Present iddress: 'ECF Project, Opposite Pradesh 202 001
texture of soils varied from sandy loam to
loam. The annual rainfall was 713 and 424
mm during 1986 and 1987 respectively. In
general, bulk of rainfall (75% of the total)
was received from June to September.
The yield of pigeonpea was more during
, being 1.2-2.0 qha more than yield
obtained during 1986. However, the grain
yield of blackgram showed a reverse trend
(Table 1). This might be associated with the
major variations in rainfall during both the
seasons. Growing of the sole crop of
pigeonpea with optimum plant population
and recommended fertilizer (T,) gave mean
yield of 12.8 qnia. An introduction of
modified planting pattern (T,) gave grain
yield of 13.0 qlha for sole crop of pigeonpea,
which accounted a saving of 25% in fnputs.
When blackgram was introduced as an
intercrop (T,) without fertilizer, the yield of
pigeonpea was 12.3 qha, besides 3.5 qha
yield of blackgram which recorded 27%
higher net return. The intercropping of
blackgram with 50 and 100% additional
fertilizer, gradually increased the yield of
intercrop with a net return of Rs 7,146
and Rs 7,593ba respectively. The index of
net return obtained yas 132 -and 141
when both the component crops were
fertilized at 50 and 100% of the
Prakash Lodge, Ramghat Road, Aligarh, Uttar
Treatment Table 1. Grain yield of pigeonpea and blackgram intercropping (qha) and net return 1986* 1987** Mean*** Pigeonpea Blackgram Pigeonpea Blackgram Pigeonpea Blackgram Net return (Rsiha) ' Index of net return a D B C:-w w
T,, Regular method-growing of main crop with recommended planting pattern 60 cm QO cm and NPK @ 15.40 and 0 kgha 11.9
T,, Border method-modified planting pattern of the main crop (eliminating every fourth row of regular method and N, P and K@ 15,40 and 0 kglha 12.1
T,, T, + intercropping without fertilizer 11.3 3.5
T,, T, + intercropping with 50% of the recommended fertilizer (N, P and K @ 15,40 and 0 kglha) 11.7 . 4.2
T,, T2+ intercropping with 100% of the recommended fertilizer (N, P and K @ 15,40 and 0 kg~ha) 12.8 5.0
*With 17 trials
