Effective weed management under Direct Seeded Rice through use of florpyrauxifen-benzyl plus cyhalofop butyl as post-emergence herbicide in Northwestern India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v70.i3.5617Keywords:
Broadleaf weeds, Dry seeded rice, Grasses, Grain yield, Sedges, Weed biomassAbstract
Direct-seeded rice (DSR) is a viable alternative for unsustainable puddled transplanting method of raising rice crop but presence of the large weed pressure of diverse flora restricts its adoption on a large scale. A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the bio-efficacy of florpyrauxifen-benzyl 20 g/L plus cyhalofop butyl 100 g/L at 120, 150 and 180 g a.i./ha, florpyrauxifen-benzyl 2.5 EC at 31.25 g a.i./ha, cyhalofop butyl 10 EC at 150 g a.i./ha, penoxsulam 1.02% plus cyhalofop butyl 5.1% at 135 g a.i./ha, bispyribac sodium 10 SC at 25 g a.i./ha and unsprayed control during kharif 2019 and 2020 in Department of Agronomy at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. All post-emergence herbicides resulted in reduction in weed density and biomass as compared to unsprayed control treatment. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl 20 g/L plus cyhalofop butyl 100 g/L at 150 g a.i./ ha was the most effective in controlling the population of Echinochloa crus-galli, Cyperus iria and Caesulia axillaris, that resulted in increase in effective tillers by 20.6% in 2019 and 15.9% in 2020 over unsprayed control. Moreover, florpyrauxifen-benzyl 20 g/L plus cyhalofop butyl 100 g/L at 150 g a.i./ha significantly increased the grain yield of DSR by 60.4% in 2019 and 82.0% in 2020 as compared to unsprayed control. Thus, post-emergence application of florpyrauxifen-benzyl 20 g/L plus cyhalofop butyl 100 g/L at 150 g a.i./ha provided an effective control of complex weed flora comprising of grasses, broadleaf weeds and sedges and enhanced the productivity of DSR.
References
Anonymous. 2025. Package of Practices for Crops of Punjab kharif. Punjab Agricultural University. 23 p.
Baltazar, A.M. and De Datta, S.K. 2023. Weed Science and Weed Management in Rice and Cereal-Based Cropping Systems, 2 Vol. John Wiley & Sons.
Becerra-Alvarez, A., Godar, A.S., Ceseski, A.R. and Al-Khatib, K. 2023. Herbicide resistance management in rice: annual field survey of California rice weeds helps establish a weed management decision framework. Outlooks on Pest Management 34(2): 51–57.
Bell, J.L., Schmitzer, P.R., Weimer, M.R., Napier, R.M. and Prusinska, J.M. 2015. February. Mode of action analysis of a new arylpicolinate herbicide from Dow AgroSciences. In Proceedings of the Weed Science Society of America Annual Meeting; Weed Science Society of America: Lexington, KY, USA.
Chauhan, B.S. 2012. Weed ecology and weed management strategies for dry-seeded rice in Asia. Weed Technology 26(1): 1–13.
Chauhan, B.S. and Opeña, J. 2012. Effect of tillage systems and herbicides on weed emergence, weed growth, and grain yield in dry-seeded rice systems. Field Crops Research 137: 56–69.
Cheema, H. and Singh, B. 1991. Software Statistical Package CPCS- 1. Department of Statistics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.
Choudhary, V.K. and Dixit, A. 2018. Herbicide weed management on weed dynamics, crop growth and yield in direct-seeded rice. Indian Journal of Weed Science 50(1): 6–12.
Cochran, W.G. and Cox, G.M. 1957. Experimental Design. 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 615 p.
Gianessi, L.P., Silvers, C.S., Sankula, S. and Carpenter, J.E. 2002. Plant Biotechnology: Current and Potential Impact for Improving Pest management in U.S. Agriculture. An analysis of 40 case studies. Herbicide tolerant rice. The national centre for Food and Agriculture, Washington D.C. USA.
Jabran, K., Ehsanullah, H.M., Farooq, M., Babar, M., Dogan, M.N. and Lee, D.J. 2012. Application of bispyribac-sodium provides
effective weed control in direct-planted rice on a sandy loam soil. Weed Biology Management 12: 136–145.
Jaya, S.A.S.M., Juraimi, A.S., Rahman, M.M., Man, A.B. and Selamat, A. 2011. Efficacy and economics of different herbicides in aerobic rice system. African Journal of Biotechnology 10: 8007-8022.
Karthickraja, A., Saravanane, P., Poonguzhalan, R. and Nadaradjan, S. 2024. Comparison of UAV and knapsack herbicide application methods on weed spectrum, crop growth and yield in dry direct-seeded rice. Indian Journal of Weed Science 56(3): 307–311.
Kashid, N.V. 2019. Integration of post-emergence herbicide application with hand weeding for managing weeds in transplanted rice. Indian Journal of Weed Science 51(2): 206–208.
Kaur, S., Ahmed, S., Awan, T.H., Ali, H.H., Singh, R., Mahajan, G. and Chauhan, B.S. 2024. Adoption pattern of direct-seeded rice systems in three south Asian countries during COVID- 19 and thereafter. Crops 4: 324–332.
Kaur, S., Kaur, T. and Bhullar, M.S. 2023. Pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron for pre-emergence control of complex weed flora in dry-seeded rice. Indian Journal of Weed Science 55(4): 364–368.
Krishnamurthy, P., Sreedevi, B., Singh, S.P. and Kumar, R.M. 2010. Weed management in rice. Technical Bulletin No. 48. Directorate of Rice Research (ICAR), Hyderabad, India. 42.
Mahapatra, A., Saha, S., Munda, S., Bhabani, S.S., Meher, S. and Jangde, H.K. 2023. Bio-efficacy of herbicide mixtures on weed dynamics in direct wet-seeded rice. Indian Journal of Weed Science 55(1): 18–23.
Miller, M.R. and Norsworthy, J.K. 2018. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl weed control spectrum and tank-mix compatibility with other commonly applied herbicides in rice. Weed Technology 32: 319–325.
Mohammad, A., Sudhishri, S., Das, T.K., Singh, M., Bhattacharyya, R., Dass, A. and Kumar M. 2018. Water balance in directseeded rice under conservation agriculture in North-western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. Irrigation Science 36: 381–393.
Ojha, P. and Kwatra, S. 2014. Analysis of different paddy transplanting methods in northern India: Ergo-economical study. Journal of Applied and Natural Science 6(2): 654–658.
Ottis, B.V., Mattice, J.D. and Talbert, R.E. 2005. Determination of antagonism between cyhalofop-butyl and other rice (Oryza sativa) herbicides in barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53(10): 4,064–4,068.
Patidar, J. and Kaur, S. 2024. Auxinic and sulfonyl urea herbicides for post-emergence control of sedges and broad-leaf weeds in direct-seeded rice. Phytoparasitica 52: 22.
Rashid, M.H., Alam, M.M., Khan, M.A.H. and Ladha, J.K. 2009. Productivity and resource use of direct-(drum)-seeded and transplanted rice in puddled soils in rice-rice and rice-wheat ecosystems. Field Crops Research 113(3): 274–281.
Rizal, A.A. and Arbiwati, D. 2024. Management of weeds in direct seedling rice with mixed herbicides florpyrauxifen-benzyl and cyhalofop butyl. Evolutionary Studies in Imaginative Culture 8(2): 1,401–1,409.
Sar, K., Mishra, G., Rath, S. and Padhi, I. 2024. Weed growth and productivity of direct-seeded rice under different weed management practices. Indian Journal of Weed Science 56(1): 8–11.
Sardana, V., Mahajan, G., Jabran, K. and Chauhan, B.S. 2017. Role of competition in managing weeds: An introduction to the special issue. Crop Protection 95: 1–7.
Singh, G., and Ranguwal, S. 2024. Resource conservation through direct seeded rice: evidence from Indian Punjab. Agrofor International Journal 9(1): 5–15.
Singh, K., Mishra, S.K., Singh, M., Singh, K. and Brar, A.S. 2022. Water footprint assessment of surface and subsurface drip fertigated cotton-wheat cropping system- A case study under semi-arid environments of Indian Punjab. Journal of Cleaner Production 365: 132735.
Singh, M., Bhullar, M.S. and Chauhan, B.S. 2014. The critical period for weed control in dry-seeded rice. Crop Protection 66: 80–85.
Singh, R.G., Singh, S., Singh, V. and Gupta, R.K. 2010. Efficacy of azimsulfuron applied alone and tank mixed with metsulfuron + chlorimuron (Almix) in dry direct seeded rice. Indian Journal of Weed Science 42(3 and 4): 168–172.
Sreedevi, B., Singh, A., Thakur, C., Kumar, M.P., Mehra, V., Mahenderkumar, R. and Srivastava, G.K. 2020. Weed control by single post-emergence combination herbicide florpyrauxifen-benzyl plus cyhalofop-butyl in aerobic rice. Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 39:109–122.
