Varieties and phosphorus fertilization effects on productivity and profitability of direct-seeded upland rice (Oryza sativa) in Eastern India

AJAY PAL; SEEMA SEPAT; R.S. BANA; C.V. SINGH; ARJUN SINGH

doi:10.59797/ija.v63i4.5691

Authors

AJAY PAL ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
SEEMA SEPAT Division of Agronomy, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
R.S. BANA Division of Agronomy, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
C.V. SINGH ICAR-Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station, Hazaribag, Jharkhand 825 301
ARJUN SINGH ICAR- Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station, Hazaribag, Jharkhand 825 301

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v63i4.5691

Keywords:

Cultivars, Direct-seeded upland rice, Microbial inoculants, Phosphorus fertilization

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) season of 2016 at Hazaribag, Jharkhand to study the effect of varieties and phosphorus (P) applications on grain yield and economics of direct-seeded upland rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications, keeping 3 rice varieties, viz. ‘Vandana’, ‘Anjali’ and ‘CR Dhan 40’, in the main plots and 7 different P rates. viz., 0 kg/ha, phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) + arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), 13.2 kg P/ha through single super phosphate (SSP), 13.2 kg P/ha through SSP + PSB + AMF, 26.4 kg P/ha through SSP, 26.4 kg P/ha through SSP + PSB + AMF and 39.6 kg P/ha through SSP in the sub-plots. The results revealed that yield attributes, viz. effective tillers/m2 (312), filled grains/panicle (130), panicle weight (27.9 g), 1,000-grain weight (22.5 g), and grain (3.91 t/ha) and straw yields (6.17 t/ha) were higher in ‘CR Dhan 40’ compared to ‘Anjali’ (259, 115, 2.04 g, 20.4 g, 3.33 t/ha and 5.64 t/ ha respectively) and ‘Vandana’ (252, 108, 1.78 g, 19.9 g, 3.12 t/ha and 5.53 t/ha respectively). Similarly, application of 39.6 kg P/ha through SSP recorded the highest values for yield attributes, grain (4.25 t/ha) and straw yields (6.79 t/ha), and was at par with 26.4 kg P/ha through SSP + PSB + AMF. Net returns and B:C ratio were also recorded the highest in ‘CR Dhan 40’ with 39.6 kg P/ha through SSP, which was at par with 26.4 kg P/ha through SSP + PSB + AMF. Thus, integrated application of 26.4 kg P/ha through SSP along with PSB and AMF in ‘CR Dhan 40’ can enhance grain yield and net returns of direct-seeded upland rice in Jharkhand.

References

Fageria, N.K., Morais, O.P., Baligar, V.C. and Wright, R.J. 1988. Response of rice cultivars to phosphorus supply on an oxisol. Fertilizer Research 16(3): 195–206.

Gaind, S. and Singh, Y.V. 2016. Short-term impact of organic fertilization and seasonal variations on enzymes and microbial indices under rice–wheat rotation. Journal of Crop Improvement 29(1): 23–29.

Maiti, D., Singh, C.V., Variar, M., Mandal, N.P. and Anantha, M.S. 2013. Impact of rainfall pattern on native arbuscular-mycorrhizal activity influencing phosphorus utilization by direct seeded rainfed upland rice (Oryza sativa L.). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences 83(2): 159–162.

Richardson, A.E., Lynch, J.P., Ryan, P.R., Delhaize, E., Smith, F.A., Smith, S.E., Harvey, P.R., Ryan, M.H., Veneklaas, E.J., Lambers, H. and Oberson, A. 2011. Plant and microbial strategies to improve the phosphorus efficiency of agriculture. Plant and Soil 349(1-2): 121–156.

Richardson, A.E. and Simpson, R.J. 2011. Soil microorganisms mediating phosphorus availability update on microbial phosphorus. Plant Physiology 156(3): 989–996.

Sepat, S., Ahlawat, I.P.S. and Rana, D.S. 2012. Effect of phosphorus sources and levels on Bt-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) based intercropping systems. Indian Journal of Agronomy 57(3): 235–240.