Drip fertigation and crop management in Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v63i3.5660Keywords:
Bt cotton, Fertigation, Growth, Irrigation regimes, Planting techniques, Quality parameters, Seed-cotton yieldAbstract
A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2014 and 2015 at Rahuri, Maharashtra, to study the effect of deficit irrigation, fertigation and planting techniques on growth, yield and quality parameters of Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Scheduling of irrigation at 1.0 ETc recorded significantly maximum growth, yield attributes and seed-cotton yield of Bt cotton, being at par with 0.8 ETc irrigation regime. Maximum and significantly higher seed-cotton yield was recorded in 1.0 ETc irrigation regime (3.3 t/ha), being at par with 0.8 ETc irrigation regime (3.1 t/ha) on pooled mean basis. Planting of Bt cotton at 90 cm × 90 cm was found superior to 150 cm × 60 cm in respect of growth, yield attributes and seed-cotton yield of Bt cotton. Planting of Bt cotton at 90 cm × 90 cm resulted in significantly higher seed-cotton yield (3.3 t/ha) than 150 cm × 60 cm planting (2.3 t/ha) on pooled mean basis. Fertigation of 100% GRDF up to 100 days + 20 kg MgSO4 /ha and 25 kg ZnSO4 /ha up to flowering at weekly interval + foliar spray of Fe (1.0 %) and B (0.5 %) at flowering and boll-development stages was found suitable for achieving the maximum growth, yield attributes and seed-cotton yield (3.1 t/ha) of Bt cotton. The maximum water use efficiency was obtained with 0.6 ETc irrigation regime (7.00 kg/ha-cm), followed by 0.8 ETc irrigation regime during both the years.
References
Aruna, E. (2011). Effect of time of application of nitrogen and potassium on growth and yield of Bt Cotton. (In) Proceedings of World Cotton Research Conference on Technologies for Prosperity-5, held in Mumbai, Maharashtra during 7–11 November 2011, pp. 156.
Bhalerao, P.D., Gawande, P.P., Ghatol, P.U., & Patil, B.R. (2008). Performance of Bt cotton hybrids for various spacing under rainfed condition. Agricultural Science Digest 28(1): 54–56.
Bharathi, S., Ratnakumari, S., & Reddy, C.V. (2014). Growth, yield and quality of Bt cotton under varied plant geometry and nutrient management in rainfed Vertisols. Journal of Cotton Research and Development 28(1): 49–51.
Chaudhary, B., & Gaur, K. (2010). Bt cotton in India: A Country Profile. ISAAA Series of Biotech. Crop profiles ISAAA, Ithaca NY, pp. 5–6.
Devraj, M.S., Bhattoo, B.S., Duhan, P.K., & Jain, P.P. (2011). Effect of crop geometry and fertilizer levels on seed cotton yield, nutrient uptake of Bt cotton under irrigated conditions. Journal of Cotton Research Development 25(2): 176–180.
Doorenbos, J., & Pruit, W.O. (1977). Crop water requirements. Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 24. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, pp. 144.
Hebbar, K.B., Perumal, N.K., & Khadi, B.M. (2007). Photosynthesis and plant growth response of transgenic Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) hybrids under field condition. Photosynthetica 45(2): 254–258.
Ilhe, S.S., & Tumbare, A.D. (2015). Water use efficiency in Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) as influenced by irrigation regimes and fertigation apportioning. Bioinfolet 12(3B): 731–732.
Jat, R.D., Nanwal, R.K., & Pawankumar, S.T. (2014). Productivity, quality and available nutrient of Bt cotton under different spacing and nutrient levels. Journal of Cotton Research Development 28(1): 70–73.
Jayakumar, M., Surendranb, U., & Manickasundaram, P. (2015). Drip fertigation program on growth, crop productivity, water and fertilizer use efficiency of Bt Cotton in semi-arid tropics of India. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 46: 293–304.
Panse, V.G., & Sukhatme, P.V. (1985). Statistical Methods for Agricultural Workers, 336 pp. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India.
Pendharkar, A.B., Solunke, S.S., Lambade, B.M., Nawale, S.S., & Dalvi, N.D. (2010). Response of Bt cotton hybrids to different plant spacing under rainfed condition. Journal of Cotton Research and Development 24(2): 216–218.
Shukla, U.N., Khakare, M.S., Srivastava, V.K., Raheshkumar, Smita Singh, Kumar, V., & Kumar, K. (2013). Effect of spacing and fertility levels on growth, yield and quality of cotton hybrids under rainfed condition of Vidarbha. Bioscan 8(2): 561–567.
Sampathkumar, T., Pandian, B.J., Ranghaswamy, M.V., & Manickasundaram, P. (2012). Yield and water relations of cotton-maize cropping sequence under deficit irrigation using drip system. Irrigation and Drainage 61(2): 208–219.
Waikar, S.L., Dhamak, A.L., Meshram, N.A., & Patil, V.D. (2015). Effect of specialty fertilizers on soil fertility, nutrient uptake, quality and productivity of cotton in Vertisol. Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences 8(2): 76–79.
Wiggins, M.S., Leib, B.G., Mueller, T.C., & Christopher, L.M. (2014). Cotton growth, yield, and fiber quality response to irrigation and water deficit in soil of varying depth to a sand layer. Journal of Cotton Science 18: 145–152.
Yadav, B.S., Chauhan, R.P.S., Bhatia, K.N., & Yadav, N.K. (2014). Studies on drip fertigation on growth, yield and pest incidence of American cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and desi cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) on sandy loam soil. Journal of Cotton Research and Development 28(2): 234–237.
