Weed competition, yield attributes and yield in soybean (Glycine max)–wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system as affected by herbicides
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v59i3.5611Keywords:
2,4-D, Chlorimuron, Crop protection, Herbicide, Imazethapyr, Isoproturon, Pendimethalin, Quizalofop, SoybeanAbstract
In a field experiment, 8 weed-control treatments, viz. pendimethalin 1.5 kg/ha (pre), imazethepyr 200 g/ha (pre), quizalofop ethyl 60 g/ha (early post), imazethapyr 75 g/ha (pre) followed by (fb.) imazethapyr 75 g/ha (early post), quizalofop ethyl 50 g/ha + chlorimuron ethyl 4 g/ha (early post), pendimethalin 1.5 kg/ha (pre) fb. chlorimuron ethyl 4 g/ha (early post), hand-weeding (twice) and weedy check) in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and 3, viz. weedy check, isoproturon 1.0 kg/ha + 2,4-D 0.50 kg/ha and isoproturon 0.75 kg/ha + 2,4-D 0.50 kg/ha, in wheat [Triticum aestivum (L.) emend. Fiori & Paol.] were evaluated in soybean–wheat cropping system during 2009–10 and 2010– 11 at Palampur, Himachal Pradesh. Soybean crop was found infested with Commelina benghalensis L., Echinochloa colona (L.) Link., Aeschynomene indica L., Ageratum conyzoides L., Panicum dichotomiflorum L., Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop., Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn and Cyperus sp. Pendimethalin 1.5 kg/ha (pre) fb. chlorimuron ethyl 4 g/ha (early post) effectively managed Commelina, Echinochloa, Digitaria, Ageratum and Cyperus sp. and resulted in significantly higher yield attributes (branches/plant, pods/plant and 1,000-seed weight) and seed yield (1.87 and 1.83 t/ha). Uncontrolled weed growth throughout the cropping season in soybean reduced its yield by 59.9% during 2009 and 41.0% during 2010 compared to pendimethalin fb chlorimuron ethyl. Herbicide combinations were better than herbicides alone in influencing soybean-equivalent yield and net returns. In wheat, Phalaris minor L. and Avena ludoviciana L. were important weeds during both the years. Isoproturon 1.0 kg/ha + 2,4-D 0.50 kg/ha and isoproturon 0.75 kg/ha + 2,4-D 0.50 kg/ha were comparable in controlling Phalaris, Avena and other weeds (Lolium, Vicia and Coronopus) in wheat. Compared to isoproturon 1.0 kg/ha + 2,4-D 0.50 kg/ha, weedy check in wheat reduced its yield by 17.3 and 17.1% during 2009–10 and 2010–11 respectively. Residual effects of treatments applied in soybean were not observed on weeds and yield of wheat crop. Similarly, residual effects of treatments applied in wheat were not significant on soybean weeds and yield.
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