Comparative assessment of different tillage-cum-crop establishment practices and crop-residue management on crop and water productivity and profitability of rice (Oryza sativa)–wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v63i1.5359Keywords:
Direct-seeded rice, Economics, Productivity, Residue retention, Unpuddled transplanting, Tillage, Zero tillage transplantingAbstract
A field experiment was conducted during the winter 2009 at Patna, Bihar, to assess the impact of the continuous practice of 4 different tillage-cum-crop establishment and 2 residue-management treatments on crop growth, productivity and profitability of rice (Oryza sativa L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system (RWCS) in eastern Gangetic plains. After 5-year continuous rice–wheat rotation, crop-residue retention (~33%) in both the crops significantly improved the rice (9.4–9.7%) and wheat (4.6–9.3%) productivity over the residue removal. Conservation tillage-based crop-establishment practices, viz. unpuddled transplanted rice followed by (fb) zero-till wheat (UPTR-ZTW), zero-till transplanted rice fb zero-till wheat (ZTTR–ZTW), zero-till direct-seeded rice, fb zerotill wheat (ZTDSR–ZTW) increased the system productivity of RWCS by 10.3, 16.1, and 23.2% respectively, over conventional puddled transplanted rice fb conventional-till wheat (PTR–CTW). Conservation tillage-based cropestablishment practices and residue retention enhanced the biomass accumulation rate in both crops, being higher in ZTDSR-ZTW fb ZTTR-ZTW. Significant up-scaling of water productivity in rice crop was evident in conservation tillage-cum-crop-establishment practices over PTR-CTW. The additional income of 24,248, 36,689, and 48,553 was realized for the treatments UPTR-ZTW, ZTTR–ZTW and ZTDSR–ZTW respectively, over PTRCTW.
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