Productivity, nutrient uptake, soil fertility and moisture extraction pattern of summer clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) as influenced by irrigation and fertility levels

H.M. BHUVA

doi:10.59797/ija.v64i3.5288

Authors

H.M. BHUVA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v64i3.5288

Keywords:

Clusterbean, Fertility levels, Irrigation, Moisture extraction pattern, Nutrient uptake, Produc- tivity

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during the summer seasons of 2013 and 2014 at Krishi Vigyan Kendra Farm of Junagadh Agricultural University on sandy loam soils to assess the impact of irrigation and fertility levels on growth indices, productivity, nutrient uptake, post-harvest soil nutrient status and moisture extraction pattern of clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.]. Sixteen treatment combinations of 4 irrigation levels (0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 IW: CPE ratio) and 4 fertility levels (00 : 00, 10 : 20, 20 : 40 and 30 : 60 kg N : P O /ha) were tested 2 5 using split-plot design with 3 replications. The pooled results indicated that irrigation at 0.8 IW: CPE, being at par with 1.0 IW: CPE, enhanced physiological growth parameters, viz. leaf area index (LAI) leaf: stem ratio, crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR), seed yield (1.33 t/ha), stover yield (2.84 t/ha) and harvest index (31.9%) over 0.4 IW: CPE. The maximum N, P and K content in seed and stover and total N (87.8 kg/ha), P (15.0 kg/ha) and K (54.9 kg/ha) uptake by clusterbean were recorded under 1.0 IW: CPE, while the maximum soil available N (195.6 kg/ha), P (18.4 kg/ha and K (286.2 kg/ha) persisted under 0.4 IW: CPE. Maximum moisture extraction from the upper soil profile was recorded under 1.0 IW: CPE (43.78%), whereas moisture extraction to a lower depth was higher with 0.4 IW: CPE (11.45%). Application of 20 : 40 kg N : P O /ha 2 5 being at par with 30 : 60 kg N : P O /ha also improved physiological growth parameters, seed yield (1.32 t/ha), sto- 2 5 ver yield (2.78 t/ha), harvest index (32.2%) with the N, P and K content in seed and stover and total N (83.2 kg/ha), P (13.9 kg/ha) and K (51.6 kg/ha) uptake by crop over control. Significantly higher post-harvest nutrient status was recorded with 30 : 60 kg N : P O /ha (196.9, 18.3 and 274.1 kg N, P and K/ha respectively). The maximum soil 2 5 moisture depletion (42.1%) was registered from top soil layer (015 cm) in control, while the least with 30 : 60 kg N : P O /ha (39.8%) followed by 20 : 40 kg N : P O /ha (40.8%). However, the reverse trend was observed in bottom 2 5 2 5 soil layer (4560 cm). Thus, irrigation at 0.8 IW: CPE and fertilizer dose of 20 : 40 kg N : P O /ha could be applied 2 5 for higher yield from clusterbean along with sustaining soil health in summer season.

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