Effect of isoproturon tank mix with metsulfuron and 2,4-D on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v49i2.5172Keywords:
Wheat, Tritcum aestivum, Herbicides, Isoproturon, Metsulfuron, 2, 4-D, Tank mix. - In recent years, wheat cultivation is beset due to weed muriate of potash respectively. Half of N and full dose of infestation. Weeds which invade divest the crop of half of phosphorus and potassium were applied at the time of applied nitrogen (Chasalin and Timafeera, 1974) and con- sowing, and remaining nitrogen at first irrigation 25 days - siderable amount of other major and micro-nutrients, after sowing. thereby resulting in heavy yield reduction. Average reduc- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION tion in grain yield occurs about 30% (Pandey and Singh, 1997). Yield losses increase with increasing population of Effect on weeds grassy weeds. A most prevalent pernicious and virulent Competition between wheat and canary grass (20 grassy weed species canary grass had developed resis- plants/m2), wild oat (15/m2), blue pimpernel (25/m2) and tance against widely used herbicide isoproturon, thereby lambsquarters (20/m2) was keen. Besides, fumitory compounding its control problem further. It is, therefore, (Fumeria pawiflora L.), corn spurry (Spergula awensis of utmost importance to devise and modify the control L.), field bind weed (Convolvulus arvensis L.), swine techniques to minimize weed menance to ensure better cress (Corondupus didymus) and Canada thistle [Cirsium crop-growth environment. Hence present study was un- awense (L.) Scop] also competed but their effect was in- dertaken to find out the effect of mixture of isoproturon significant, as their population was very thin. The compe- with metasulfuron and 2, 4-D on weeds and crop yields. tition effect was markedly reduced by weed-control treat- ments, as evident from the significant decrease in popula- MATERIALS AND METHODS tion and dry-matter accumulation (Table 1). Under hand- An experiment was conducted at the Indian Agricul- weeding treatment, since weeds were removed twice at tural Research Institute, New Delhi, during winter (rabi) critical growth stages, their population and dry-matter ac- season of 1998-99 and 1999-2000. The soil of the ex- cumulation were lower than all other treatments. Slightly perimental plot was sandy loam with pH 8.0-8.2, organic higher population and dry-matter accumulation under her- C 0.53 to 0.66%, available P and K 10.6 and 258 kg/ha in bicide treatments may be ascribed to their failure to effec- 1999 and 11.2 and 255 kgha in 2000 respectively. tively control all the weed species (Table 1) and weed spe- The experiment included 9 treatments (Table 1) and cies which germinated and grew after their spray. Similar was conducted in randomized block design with 3 replica- was the finding of Pandey and Singh (1994). Weed-con- tions. The crop was fertilized with 100 kg N, 40 kg P20, trol treatments had different effect on weed species. and 60 kg &O/ha through urea, single superphosphate and Isoproturon in combination with metsulfuron resulted inAbstract
An experiment was conducted during the winter season of 1998-99 and 1999-2000 at New Delhi, to find out the effect of isoproturon tank mix with metsulfuron and 2,4-D. A competition was recorded between wheat (Triti- cum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) and canary grass (Phalaris minor Retz.), wild oat (Avena ludoviciana), blue pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis L.) and lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.). Competition by these spe- cies lowered crop yield by 35%. lsoproturon and its tank mix with metsulfuron and 2,4-D gave excellent control of blue pimpernel (90 to 100%) and lambsquarters (82-97%), moderate control of canary grass (68-87%) but poor control of wild oat (1 6-36%). The highest increase in yield attributes and yield was under hand-weeding which was significantly superior to other treatments. The effect of tank mix of isoproturon (1,000 g/ha) and 2,4-D (500 g/ha) was consistent and it resulted in higher increase than that of tank mix of metsulfuron.References
Chasalin, G.A. and Timafeeva, A.A. 1974.The utilization of fertil- izer nutrients by crop and weed plants. Khimya I!Selghkorn Khozyaistiva 12 : 198-299.
Pandey, J. and Singh, U.P. 1983. Nutrients removal by wheat and weeds as affected by mnetoxuron application. Indian Journal of Weed Science 15(1): 29-32.
Pandey, J. and Singh, R.P. 1997. Weed control in wheat is key to higher production. Indian Farming 47(8): 3-7.
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2001-10-10
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JlTENDRA PANDEY, & A.K. VERMA. (2001). Effect of isoproturon tank mix with metsulfuron and 2,4-D on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Indian Journal of Agronomy, 49(2), 114-116. https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v49i2.5172
