Effect of harvesting intervals on herbage, oil yield and economics of different varieties of Japanese mint (Mentha awensis)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v51i3.5020Keywords:
Japanese mint, Varieties, Harvesting intervals, Herbage and Oil yieldsAbstract
A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm of the lndira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, from mid-January to the last week of August during 2001 and 2002, to find out the effect of harvesting intervals on herbage and oil productivity of different varieties of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L.) under Chhattisgarh con- dition. 'Himalaya' variety gave significantly higher mean herbage, oil yield and net returns when it was harvested at 120 days after planting and 75 days after first harvest. In case of 'Koshi' variety, the maximum herbage and oil yields and net returns were obtained when it was harvested at 110 days after planting and 75 days after first har- vest.References
Indian Journal of Agronomy 51 (3) : 245-246 (September 2006)
Effect of harvesting intervals on herbage, oil yield and economics of different varieties of Japanese mint (Mentha awensis)
S.S. TUTEJA, R. LAKPALE, A.P. SlNGH AND R.S. TRIPATHI
Department of Agronomy, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipul; Chhattisgarh 492 006
Received : November 2004
A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm of the lndira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, from mid-January to the last week of August during 2001 and 2002, to find out the effect of harvesting intervals on herbage and oil productivity of different varieties of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L.) under Chhattisgarh con- dition. 'Himalaya' variety gave significantly higher mean herbage, oil yield and net returns when it was harvested at 120 days after planting and 75 days after first harvest. In case of 'Koshi' variety, the maximum herbage and oil yields and net returns were obtained when it was harvested at 110 days after planting and 75 days after first har- vest.
Key words :Japanese mint, Varieties, Harvesting intervals, Herbage and Oil yields
Mentha arvensis L. is coming up as a promising crop under irrigated condition of Chhattisgarh plain. It has strong potential to become substitute for summer paddy, as it is an economically more profitable crop. But there is a need to develop proper management practices to ensure good production of oil. The selection of variety and har- vesting intervals are the most important factors which in- fluence significantly productivity of mentha. The harvest- ing intervals are most critical, as they directly affect the growth, herbage and oil yield of different short-and me- dium-duration varieties of Japanese mint. It is necessary to develop optimum harvesting intervals for different va- rieties of Japanese mint. Hence present investigation was carried out.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The field experiment was conducted at Research farm of the Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, from midJanuary to the last week of August during 2001 and 2002, with 'Himalaya' and 'Koshi' varieties. The soil of the experimental fields was Vertisols texturally known as clay loam. The pH of soil was 7.2, available N with 198 kg/ha, available P with 19.0 kg/ha and available K with 356 kg/ha. The treatments comprised 2 varieties ('Himalaya' and
'Koshi') and 4 dates of harvesting, i.e. HI,,, ,,,HI,,, ,,, H,,,,,, and HI,,,,, days after planting and days after first harvest. The experiment was laid out under randomized block design following a factorial arrangement with 3 rep- lications. The oil content was extracted by water and steam distillation methods using Clevenger's type essential oil apparatus.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Performance of varieties
Results showed that the significant variation was not observed between herbage and oil yield of 'Himalaya' and 'Koshi' varieties.
Effect of harvesting intervals
The harvesting schedules exhibited a significant influ- ence on herbage and oil yield of both varieties. Higher herbage and oil yield was obtained at first cut when har- vested at 120 and 130 days, whereas both early (110 days) and delayed harvest (140 days) reduced the mean herbage yield (Table 1). The delayed harvest (after 130 days) in both varieties drastically reduced the herbage yield, which could be ascribed to loss or shedding of older foliage due to over-maturity of the crop.
The decreased herbage yield had contributed to poor productivity of oil yield and thus resulted in low net re- turns. Randhawa et al. (1995) also reported similar re- sults.
Interaction effect
In 'Himalaya' variety, the early harvesting also affected herbage and oil yield of mentha. The lower herbage and oil yields were resulted because the crop was immature at this stage. Due to immaturity, the foliage development and oil content were not at their peak compared to 120 days. On the other hand, 'Koshi' variety gave the highest herb-
TUTEJA ET AL. [Vol. 51, No. 3
Table 1. Herbage and oil yield of Japanese mint at different harvesting as influenced by varieties and harvesting intervals
Treatment Herbage yield (qiha) Oil yield (kgiha)
2002 2001 2002
At 1 At 2nd Total At 1 At 2Votal At 1 At 2nd Total At 1 At 2nd Total
harvest harvest harvest harvest harvest harvest harvest harvest
Himalay a 130.12
Koshi 121.22
CD (P=0.05) NS
Harvesting intervals
l0,75 134.84
H120,75 140.92
H130,75 123.46
H~40,75 103.47,
CD (P=0.05) 12.84
Varieties x Harvesting intervals
Himalaya 122.95
Himalaya 120,75 143.87
,0,75 137.88
Himalaya 140,75 115.87
Koshi 110~75 146.74
Koshi 120,75 137.96
Koshi 130,75 109.12
Koshi 140,,, 9 1.08
CD (P=0.05 18.16
Table 2. Economics of Japanese mint as influenced by harvesting intervls in different varieties
Treatment Cost of cultivation Gross returns Net returns Benefit :cost
('000 Rsiha) ('000 Rsiha) ('000 Rsiha) ratio
'Himalay a' 0,75
'Himalaya' 120,75
,75 'Himalay a' 140,75
'Koshi' 110.75
'Koshi' 120.75
'Koshi' 130,75
'Koshi' 140,75
age and oil yield when harvested at 110 and 120 days in- creased by 46% during both years in H120,75 over H140,75 tervals. The higher yield was ascribed to full blooming of harvest intervals. this variety that took 110-115 days. At this stage, the In 'Koshi' variety, net returns were higher when it was higher foliage biomass and oil content increased the herb- harvested at H, 75 intervals. Delayed harvesting (after age and oil yield. Similarly, the early first harvesting re- 110 days) gradually decreased the net returns. sulted in higher yield at second harvest. This could be due
to the fact that crop get enough time for establishment
and proliferation of vegetative growth. Randhawa, G.S., Satinder, K., Kaur, S. and Craker, L.E. 1995. Opti- In 'Himalaya' the net returns were higher when it was mization of harvesting time and row spacing for the quality harvested at 75 intervals and delayed harvest (H140,75) oil in Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L.) varieties. Acta
Horticulture 426 : 615-622.
lowered the net returns (Table 2). Net returns were in-
