Resource management for sustainable crop production in arid zone -A review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v52i3.4921Keywords:
Alternate land use systems, Cropping systems, Nutrient management, Resource manage- ment, Water managementAbstract
The arid region in India is spread over 3,17,090 sq km, of which 70,300 sq km is classified as cold arid and the remaining is hot arid region. Western Rajasthan alone carries the onus of nearly 61% of hot arid lands in India. In this region, biotic pressure is high and resource base both in terms of soil and rainfall is poor. The mean annual rainfall varies from 4 5 0 to 400 mm and longest crop growth period available is <6 to 12 weeks only. Under such circumstances, realizing sustainable crop production is a daunting task. Efforts have been made in this paper to discuss the management of resources in the arid zone and technologies developed for obtaining sustainable crop production. On-farm rainwater management has been advocated through inter-plot and intra-plot water harvesting system. Khadin as a water-harvesting system is unique in the region for farming. Crop, water and nutrient manage- ment strategies as well as alternate land use systems relevant to local needs have been discussed in detail. Pos- sible measures to mellow the effects of factors that lead to resource degradation and consequent influence on pro- duction have been discussed. Suggestions on future research needs on issues such as moisture conservation, soil conservation, nutrient management, crop establishment, cropping systems and alternate land-use, decision criteria etc. have been given.References
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