Effect of integrated nutrient management on productivity, quality, nutrient uptake and economics of mustard (Brassica juncea)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v56i4.4704Keywords:
Bio-fertilizers, Economics, Farm yard manure, Glucosinolate, Oil contentAbstract
A field experiment was carried during winter season of 2005-06 and 2006-07 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on productivity, quality, economics and nutrient uptake of mustard [ Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj & Cosson] in Indo-Gangetic plains of India. The plant height, total dry matter accumulation, leaf area index and seed and stover yields were recorded significantly higher when recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) i.e.120:17.6:16.6:40, N:P:K:S kg/ha was applied along with FYM 10t/ha, 25kg ZnS0 /ha and seed treatment with 4 Azotobacter. On an average, seed yield of mustard increased by 41.2 % over alone application of RDF. Applica- tion of either FYM or Zn or seed treatment along with RDF enhanced the mustard seed yield by 12.0, 11.5 and 13.0%, respectively over RDF alone. The inorganic fertilization had adverse effect on oil as well as glucosinolate contents and highest values were recorded at 50% RDF. Additional application of either of FYM or Zn further in- creased the oil and glucosinolate contents. Azotobacter seed treatment reduced the glucosinolate but improved the oil content. The highest values of N, P, K, S and Zn content and its uptake were recorded with combined appli- cation of RDF with FYM, Zn and Azotobacter.References
Indian Journal of Agronomy 56 (4): 381__387 (December 2011)
Effect of integrated nutrient management on productivity, quality, nutrient uptake and economics of mustard (Brassica juncea)
S.P. SINGH AND M.S. PAL*
Amar Singh Post Graduate College, Lakhaoti, Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh 245 407
Received: June 2010; Revised accepted : July 2011
A field experiment was carried during winter season of 2005-06 and 2006-07 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on productivity, quality, economics and nutrient uptake of mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj & Cosson] in Indo-Gangetic plains of India. The plant height, total dry matter accumulation, leaf area index and seed and stover yields were recorded significantly higher when recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) i.e.120:17.6:16.6:40, N:P:K:S kg/ha was applied along with FYM 10t/ha, 25kg ZnS04/ha and seed treatment with Azotobacter. On an average, seed yield of mustard increased by 41.2 % over alone application of RDF. Application of either FYM or Zn or seed treatment along with RDF enhanced the mustard seed yield by 12.0, 11.5 and 13.0%, respectively over RDF alone. The inorganic fertilization had adverse effect on oil as well as glucosinolate contents and highest values were recorded at 50% RDF. Additional application of either of FYM or Zn further increased the oil and glucosinolate contents. Azotobacter seed treatment reduced the glucosinolate but improved the oil content. The highest values of N, P, K, S and Zn content and its uptake were recorded with combined application of RDF with FYM, Zn and Azotobacter.
Key words : Bio-fertilizers, Economics, Farm yard manure, Glucosinolate, Oil content
Presently, rapeseed-mustard is the third most important oilseed crops after groundnut and soybean in India occupying 6.18 Mha acreage, 7.36 Mt production and 1109 kg/ ha productivity (2008-09). The productivity is quite lower than other developed countries mainly due to sub-optimal application of fertilizers and cultivation on marginal lands under rainfed conditions. Further the quality of mustard oil and its cake is an important aspect affected greatly by mineral nutrition (Tripathi et al, 2010). The researchers are working on the quality of rapeseedmustard to evolve zero and double zero type varieties having internationally accepted level of glucosinolate content < 30 moles/ g free fat meal and erucic acid < 2% of total fatty acids (Malhi et al., 2007 and Tripathi et al. 2010).
The gap between production and demand of oilseeds is progressively widening, therefore, the production of oilseed is to be increased for self sufficiency. Mustard is a major oilseed crop and its oil is consumed mainly in north India. It is mainly grown in rabi season under poor management with imbalanced fertilization. The cost of production is increasing due to high prices of inorganic fertilizers. Therefore, the alternatives of chemical fertilizers are
*Corresponding author Email: [email protected]
to be looked into just to reduce the cost of cultivation. The organic manures being cheaper and eco-friendly, like FYM, compost and also biofertilizers are available and could be the alternatives of chemical fertilizers for improving both crop productivity and sustainability of the systems. The research findings also indicate that both micro-nutrients and bio-fertilizers also reduce the glucosinolate and erucic acid in the mustard seed (Tripathi et al 2010). Therefore, the present study was carried out with objective to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on seed yield, seed quality, economics and nutrient uptake of mustard in Indo Gangetic plains of India.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The field experiments were carried out at Lakhaoti, Bulandshahar, Uttar Pradesh during rabi season of 200506 and 2006-07. Geographically, Lakhaoti is situated in between 280 40N latitude and 770 10E longitude with 207 meter above msl. The experimental site was sandy loam with 0.41 organic carbon and soil pH 7.6. The available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), zinc (Zn) and sulphur (S) were 186.8, 10.6, 260.3 kg/ha, 0.45 and
0 ppm, respectively. The available N, P, K, S and Zn content in farmyard manure (FYM) were 0.42, 0.20,
