Effect of liming, planting time and tillage on system productivity, profitability and resource-use efficiency of rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping systems under rainfed valley land condition of North East India

SAKHEN SOROKHAIBAM; N. ANANDO SINGH; L. NABACHANDRA

doi:10.59797/ija.v61i2.4357

Authors

SAKHEN SOROKHAIBAM
N. ANANDO SINGH
L. NABACHANDRA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v61i2.4357

Keywords:

Liming, Planting time, Rice-based cropping system, Rice-equivalent yield, Tillage

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during 201012 at Imphal, Manipur, to study the effect of liming, planting time and tillage on system productivity, profitability and resource-use efficiency of rice (Oryza sativa L.)rapeseed [Brassica campestris (L.) var. toria] and rice (Oryza sativa L.)lathyrus or khasari (Lathyrus sativus L.) cropping systems. The treatments consisted of 2 factors, i.e. liming (liming and no liming) and planting time (early and nor- mal) which were given to rice crop during rainy (kharif) season in the main plots. During the winter (rabi) season after rice, 2 tillage practices (no tillage and conventional tillage) were given in sub plots and again 2 rabi crops (rapeseed and lathyrus) in sub-subplots. The experiment was laid out in split split plot design with 3 replications. Application of lime @ 500 kg CaCO /ha before planting rice recorded higher system productivity in terms of rice- 3 equivalent yield (REY) of 6.30 t/ha, nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) and water-use efficiency (WUE) of the system; however, it failed to increase benefit: cost ratio. Advancing planting time of rice 15 days ahead of normal planting enhanced growth and yield of rabi crops, resulting increase in REY (6.57 t/ha), land use efficiency (LUE), produc- tion efficiency and partial factor productivity (PFP) of the system by 16.70, 2.90, 13.05 and 16.1% respectively. No tillage enhanced PFP and NUE of the system, while conventional tillage increased energy consumption by 12.4%. Regarding cropping system, ricerapeseed gave higher net return, benefit: cost ratio and production efficiency over ricelathyrus system. However, ricelathyrus system increased NUE, WUE and energy productivity. Rice rapeseed system showed higher productivity and profitability under conventional tillage and normal planting, but ricelathyrus gave better performance under early planting with no tillage.

References

Chang, C.S. and Sung, J.M. 2004. Nutrient uptake and yield re- sponses of peanuts and rice to lime and fused magnesium phosphate in an acid soil. Field Crops Research 89(23): 319325.June 2016] PERFORMANCE OF RICE-BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS 147 Chitale, S., Pandey, N. and Urkurkar, J.S. 2007. Effect of planting method, tillage and weed management on productivity and physic-chemical properties of rice (Oryza sativa)wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system. Indian Journal of Agronomy 52(4): 283288_CIT_Chopra, N.K. and Chopra, N. 2004. Influence of transplanting dates on heat-unit requirement of different phonological stages and subsequently yield and quality of scented rice (Oryza sativa) seed. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 74(8): 415 419_CIT_Chaudhary, M.R., Khera, R. and Singh, C.J. 1991. Tillage and irri- gation effects on root growth, soil water depletion and yield of wheat following rice. The Journal of Agricultural Science 116(1): 916_CIT_Dhiman, S.D. and Sharma, A.P. 1986. Zero tillage in wheat crop under heavy soils. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Af- rica and Latin America 17(2): 1516_CIT_Gill, M.S., Kumar, A. and Kumar, P. 2006. Growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars under various methods and times of sowing. Indian Journal of Agronomy 51(2): 123127_CIT_Ghosh A. 2002. Sustainable development of rice and rice-based pro- duction system with improved agro-technology under rainfed lowland ecology. (In) Proceedings of the Second In- ternational Conference on Sustainable Agriculture for Food, Energy, and Industry. China, pp. 5_CIT_Jha, A.K., Kewat, M.L., Upadhyay, V.B. and Vishwakarma, S.K_CIT_2011. Effect of tillage and sowing methods on productivity, economics and energetics of rice (Oryza sativa)wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system. Indian Journal of Agronomy 56(1): 3550_CIT_Kumar, M., Das, A., Ramkrushna, G.I., Patel, D.P., Munda, G.C., Naropongla and Buragohain, J. 2013. Effect of nutrient sources and transplanting date on aromatic rice (Oryza sa- tiva) under mid hills of north eastern India. Indian Journal of Agronomy 58(3): 322326_CIT_Maclean, J.L., Dawe, D.C., Hardy, B. and Hettel, G.P. 2002. Rice al- manac, pp. 24. International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines_CIT_Mondal, S.S., Gosh, A. and Acharya, D. 2004. Performance of lin- seed as utera crop in relation to stubble height of preceding rice in alluvial soils of Weat Bengal under rainfed condition_CIT_Environment and Ecology 22(1): 215218_CIT_Rana, D.S. 2002. Yield and yield attributes, nutrient uptake, nitro- gen-use efficiency and economics of oliferous brassicas as influenced by time of sowing and fertility levels. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 72(9): 519524_CIT_Raychaudhuri, M. and Kumar, K. 2002. Direct and residual effects of lime on soil characteristics, yield and nutrient uptake of maize (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) in an acid hill soil of Manipur. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 72(2): 6769_CIT_Raychaudhuri, M., Kumar, K. and Raychaudhuri, S. 1998. Response of soybean to lime and phosphorus on an Ultisol of Manipur_CIT_Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science 46: 628632_CIT_Sarma, C.K. and Gautam, R.C. 2010. Weed growth, yield and nutri- ent uptake in maize (Zea mays) as influenced by tillage, seed rate and weed control method. Indian Journal of Agronomy 55(4): 299303_CIT_Singh, G., Mehta, R.K. and Singh, R.V. 2002. Energetics, yield wa- ter use and economics of rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping systems in flood-prone situation of eastern Uttar Pradesh_CIT_Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 72(12): 6366_CIT_Singh, H., Elamathi, S. and Anandhi, P. 2009. Effect of row spacing and dates of sowing on growth and yield of lentil (Lens culinaris) under North Eastern Region of U.P. Legume Re- search 32(4): 307308_CIT_Singh, S.K. and Singh, G. 2002. Response of Indian mustard (Bras- sica juncea) varieties to nitrogen under varying sowing dates in eastern Uttar Pradesh. Indian Journal of Agronomy 47(2): 242248_CIT_Suresh, S. and Savithri, P. 2000. Effect of liming and nutrients on the metabolically active iron, enzyme activity and yield of rice. Oryza 37(3): 236238_CIT_Yadav, D.S., Shukla, R.P., Sushant and Kumar, B. 2005. Effect of zero tillage and nitrogen level on wheat (Triticum aestivum) after rice (Oryza sativa). Indian Journal of Agronomy 50(1): 5253.