Effect of row proportions, organic and inorganic nutrient sources on growth and yield of potato (Solanum tubersoum) cultivars

AJAY KUMAR; V.S. VERMA; DINESH KUMAR SHARMA; ANIL KUMAR MISHRA

doi:10.59797/ija.v68i2.361

Authors

AJAY KUMAR Water Technology Centre, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
V.S. VERMA Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208 002
DINESH KUMAR SHARMA Sardar Vallabhai Patel University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110
ANIL KUMAR MISHRA Water Technology Centre, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v68i2.361

Keywords:

Grade of tubers, Organic and inorganic, Potato, Row proportions, Varieties

Abstract

The effects of row proportions and nutrient management was studied in potato (Solanum tubersoum L.) + Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj.] intercropping system during 2014–15 and 2015–16 at Amar Singh College Farm, Lakhaoti (Bulandshahr), Uttar Pradesh. The field experiment was laid out in a split-split plot design with 3 replications. The main plot treatments consisted of 3 varieties, viz. ‘Kufri Pukhraj’, ‘Kufri Anand’ and ‘Chipsona 3’, and subplots comprised row proportions of 2 : 1 potato : Indian mustard (P : M), 4 : 1 P : M, potato sole and Indian mustard sole and the sub-subplot treatments consisted of 3 nutrient sources 100% organic (FYM), 100% inorganic and 50% organic + 50% inorganic. The maximum fresh weight of tubers (450.33 g), total tuber dry weight (56.99 g), total number of tubers/plant (15.40) as well as total biological yield (49.14) were recorded in ‘Kufri Pukhraj’ both for A - grade and total tuber yield. Row ratio of 2 : 1 (P : M) recorded higher fresh weight of haulms/ plant (191.48), while higher dry weight/plant of potato (119.70) was recorded in the sole crop. Number of tuber/ plant, fresh and dry weight of tubers were significantly higher under sole potato than row ratio of 4 : 1 however, row ratio of 4 : 1 was slightly superior to row ratio of 2 : 1. Sole potato and row ratio of 4 : 1 resulted in significantly higher total biomass than row ratio of 2 : 1. Yield of different grades and total tubers was recorded significantly higher in sole crop than that for row ratio of 4 : 1 and 2 : 1, though variations were observed nominal in case of Cgrade tubers. Significantly higher potato yield (2.85 t/ha) was observed with the application of nutrients through 50% organic + 50% inorganic fertilizer application.

References

MoA&FW. 2020. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, 2020–21.

Jayapal, Atul, Swadija, O.K. and Anju, V.S. 2016. Impact of organic management on yield, quality and economics of Chinese potato (Plectranthus rotundifolius). Indian Journal of Agronomy 61(1): 127–130.

Bhawalker, U.S. 1991. Vermiculture technology for LEISA. (In) Seminar on Low External Input Sustainable Agriculture, held at Amsterdam, Netherland.

Chettri, M., Mondal, S.S. and Roy, B. 2002. Influence of potassium and sulphur with or without FYM on growth, productivity and disease index of potato in soils. Journal of Indian Potato Association 29(1–2): 61–65.

FAO 2019. FAO statistical databases FAOSTAT. http://faostat3.fao.org.

Gawish, Ragaa A., Ali, F.A., Midan, Sally A. and Taha, M.A. 2012. Effect of organic compost and mineral N fertilizers applied individually or in different combination rates along with seaweed extract on vegetative growth, tuber development, dry weight and growth analysis of potato plants. Menofia Journal of Agricultural Research, 37(1): 183–201.

Gomez, K.A. and Gomez, A.A. 1984. Statistical Procedures in Agricultural Research, edn 2, pp. 680. New York, Chichester etc. Wiley, paperback.

Joshi R., Singh J. and Vig A.P. 2015. Vermicompost as an effective organic fertilizer and biocontrol agent: Effect on growth, yield and quality of plants. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio Technology 14: 137–159.

Kumar, M., Baishaya, L.K., Ghosh, D.C., Gupta, V.K., Dubey, S.K., Das, Anup and Patel, D.P. 2012. Productivity and soil health of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) field as influenced by organic manures, inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizers under high altitudes of Eastern Himalayes. Journal of Agricultural Science 4(5): 223–234.

Kumar, P., Kumar, Rajeev, Singh, S.V. and Pandey, S.K. 2012. Standardizing fertility and crop geometry requirements of potato chipping variety Kufri ‘Chipsona 4’ for higher chip grade yield, quality and profitability. Indian Journal of Horticulture 72(2): 239–243.

Mueller, R. 2012. Features: Fine points of nutrients affect potato yields and quality. Wisconsin State Farmer News, 29 November 2012 issue: 1–2.

Muthoni, J. and Nyamongo, D.O. 2009. A review of constraints to ware Irish potatoes production in Kenya. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry 1(7): 98–102.

Nasri, R., Kashani, Barary, M., Paknejad, F. and Vazan, S. 2014. Nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency and the productivity of wheat in double cropping system under different rates of nitrogen. International Journal of Biosciences 4: 184– 193.

Sarangi, S.K., Maji, B., Sharma, P.C., Digar, S., Mahanta, K.K., Burman, D., Mandal, U.K., Mandal, S. and Mainuddin, M. 2020. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivation by zero tillage and paddy straw mulching in the saline soils of the Ganges Delta. Potato Research 64(2): 277–305. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11540-020-09478-6.

Singh, S.P. and Kushwah, V.S. 2006. Effect of integrated use of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production. Indian Journal of Agronomy 51(3): 236–38.

Taha, Mohamed, Malik T.P., Bhatia, A.K. and Deswal, Sumit. 2017. Tuber growth and quality of potato var. ‘Kufri Bahar’ as affected by FYM, vermicompost and neem cake under Western Haryana conditions, India. International Journal of Current Microbiology Appied Sciences 6(12): 4,118–4,125.

Verma, V.S. 1981. Intercropping of mustard (Brassica juncea Coss.) with potato for additional production of oil. Paper presented at Silver Jublee Conference. Indian Society of Agronomy held at Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar, Haryana.

Warman, P.R. and AngLopez, M.J. 2010. Vermicompost derived from different feedstocks as a plant growth medium. Bioresource Technology 101: 4,479–4,483.